Doing Laboratory Experiments on Quarks
 Reference Sensation Constant (Units) Touching ice $T^{\sf{b}} = 0$ (℃) Touching steam $T^{\sf{c}} = 100$ (℃) Not seeing the Sun $U^{\sf{d}} = 0$ (MeV)
Different people in different societies may have profoundly different ways of seeing things. So we make to cope with perceptual variations. Mensuration is also a way to transcend personal sensory limitations. Overall, a systematic quantitative approach to observation is crucial for objectifying the description of sensation. Measurement techniques can be quite arbitrary to start, e.g. measurements of length began by referring to . But nonetheless observational methods have become very dependable because experimental physicists have invested an enormous effort in developing and high precision techniques. For example, can be used to make time measurements that are good to about one part in 1014. By comparison, in 2013 the US economy was 17 trillion dollars or about 1015 cents. So physicists can be fussy in a way that is like counting every dime spent in the USA per year. When we speak of doing laboratory experiments, we mean that observations are being made and reported in this fastidious style.
For WikiMechanics, discussing laboratory practice starts with the reference sensations that are benchmarks from which all perceptions are judged and recognized. These sensations are mathematically represented by constants. And sometimes, the constants express historical calibration standards. See the accompanying table for examples where $T$ notes the temperature and $U$ is the internal energy. Quarks are written as b, c or d for bottom, charmed and down types. The numerical values for these constants are established by convention, and are without any claim of universal validity. They can be altered by collective agreement if expedient. As measurement techniques become more refined adjustments are made. For example, the internal energy of a down-quark is almost always taken as zero, as indicated above. But precise observations of hydrogen show that it has a tiny value of a few hundred nano electronvolts. So due to the variety of possibilities, a statement of is needed in a complete experimental report.
 Next step: quarks are indestructible.
 Summary
 Nouns Definition Ice Constant ${\sf{\text{Freezing Point of Water}}} \\ T^{\sf{b}} = 0 \ \ \text{(℃)}$ 1-6
 Nouns Definition Steam Constant ${\sf{\text{Boiling Point of Water}}} \\ T^{\sf{c}} = 100 \ \ \text{(℃)}$ 1-7
 Nouns Definition Sun Constant ${\sf{\text{Internal Energy of a Down Quark}}} \\ U^{\sf{d}} = 734 \, \left( \sf{\text{neV}} \right) \; \simeq 0 \, \left( \sf{\text{MeV}} \right)$ 1-3
page revision: 167, last edited: 12 Nov 2019 23:13