Template: Nuclear Particles

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Here are some quark models of {$name}. All {$name} are built-up around the heart of familial seeds shown on the left. Particles with a different angular momentum or charge are modeled by attaching various quarks around this common kernel. Then excited states are obtained by adding even more quarks. The {$name} may share other quarks in common, beyond these familial ones. But this nugget is the minimum necessary to distinguish the {$name} from other Particles are classified on this basis. WikiMechanics analyzes the physics of {$name} using chains of events noted by$\Psi = \left( \sf{\Omega}_{1}, \sf{\Omega}_{2}, \sf{\Omega}_{3} \; \ldots \; \right)$where each repeated cycle$\, \sf{\Omega} \,$is composed of the following quarks. All the foregoing quark models perfectly replicate the quantum numbers of {$name}. They also accurately represent observed values for lifetimes, widths and the mass. With very few exceptions, they are within experimental uncertainty. But with so many quarks it is difficult to see how the models work. So to view the underlying pattern, we remove most of the quark/anti-quark pairs. These \begin{align} \sf { q \overline{q} } \end{align} pairs provide binding forces. Without them, many excited states are so unstable that they are not observed. But the field of \begin{align} \sf { q \overline{q} } \end{align} pairs obscures the minimum number of quarks required to identify a particle and account for its mass. These minima are called core coefficients. They show more clearly how excited {$name} are built-up over blocks of the same baryonic quarks. The mass depends on$\Delta n$not$n$, so$m$is unchanged by any variation in the field of$\begin{align} \sf { q \overline{q} } \end{align}$pairs. A particle's rest mass is completely determined by its core quarks. For more detail, please see the Nuclear Particle Worksheet which shows a step-by-step calculation for any choice of quark coefficients. And here is a large spreadsheet with all quark-coefficients and particles on one page. Experimentally observed values are taken from this [*{$reference} reference].
page revision: 85, last edited: 15 Oct 2020 17:03